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Main Languages In New Zealand

Written By Monday 24 October 2022 Add Comment Edit

Languages of a geographic region

Languages of New Zealand
Official
  • English
  • Te reo Māori
  • New Zealand Sign Linguistic communication
Main
  • English
Indigenous
  • Te reo Māori
Minority
  • Samoan

    2.2%

  • Northern Chinese

    2.0%

  • Hindi

    1.five%
Signed New Zealand Sign Language
Keyboard layout

QWERTY
KB United States-NoAltGr.svg

Source 2018 New Zealand census[ane]

English language is the predominant language and a de facto official linguistic communication of New Zealand. Almost the entire population speak it either every bit native speakers or proficiently as a second language.[one] The New Zealand English dialect is most similar to Australian English in pronunciation, with some key differences. The Māori language of the indigenous Māori people was fabricated the first de jure official linguistic communication in 1987. New Zealand Sign Linguistic communication (NZSL) has been an official linguistic communication since 2006. Many other languages are used by New Zealand's minority indigenous communities.

Official languages [edit]

New Zealand has 3 official languages: English (de facto), Māori and New Zealand Sign Language.[2] [3]

English language [edit]

English language is the near common language, spoken by 95.iv percent of those who completed the relevant 2018 national census question.[1] [iv] Information technology has long been the predominant language and the de facto official language.[v] It is the chief language used in parliament, authorities, the courts, and the educational activity system.[6] Its official status has been presumed and is not codified in statute.[7] In 2018, New Zealand Offset MP Clayton Mitchell introduced a bill to parliament to statutorily recognise English as an official linguistic communication.[viii] [ix]

New Zealand English is generally not-rhotic with the exception of the "southern burr" institute principally in Southland and parts of Otago.[10] Information technology is similar to Australian English and many speakers from the Northern Hemisphere are unable to tell the ii accents apart.[11] In New Zealand English the short ⟨i⟩ (every bit in kit) has become centralised, leading to the shibboleth fish and chips sounding like "fush and chups" to the Australian ear.[12] The words rarely and actually, reel and real, doll and dole, pull and pool, witch and which, and full and fill tin can sometimes be pronounced equally homophones.[13] [14] [ten] New Zealand English exhibits the near–square merger, so pilus, hare, hear and here are homophones.[xv] Some New Zealanders pronounce the past participles grown, thrown and mown using two syllables, whereas groan, throne and moan are pronounced as one syllable.[16] New Zealanders often reply to a question or emphasise a point by adding a rising intonation at the end of the sentence.[17] New Zealand English has too borrowed words and phrases from Māori, such every bit haka (war trip the light fantastic toe), kia ora (a greeting), mana (ability or prestige), puku (tum), taonga (treasure) and waka (canoe).[18] [19]

Māori [edit]

The Māori language of the ethnic Māori people has been an official linguistic communication by statute since 1987, with rights and obligations to use it defined by the Maori Linguistic communication Human action 1987.[20] It tin can, for example, be used in legal settings, such as in court, but proceedings are recorded in only in English, unless private arrangements are made and agreed by the estimate.

An Eastern Polynesian language, Māori is closely related to Tahitian and Cook Islands Māori.[21] After the 2d World State of war, Māori were discouraged from speaking their linguistic communication in schools and workplaces and information technology existed as a community language merely in a few remote areas.[22] As a issue of this, many Māori came to view te reo Māori as a language without purpose and chose not to teach their children. Since the 1970s, the linguistic communication has undergone a process of revitalisation and is spoken past a larger number of people.[23] [24] Of the 185,955 people (iv.0 pct of respondents) who claimed they could hold a conversation in Māori in the 2018 census, 86.2 percent identified as Māori, but, conversely, merely 18.4 pct of Māori-identifying spoke te reo Māori.[25] No adult Māori alive in New Zealand today does not also speak English.[26]

New Zealand Sign Language [edit]

People who tin use New Zealand Sign Language, 2001, 2006 and 2013 censuses

New Zealand Sign Language, the primary linguistic communication of the deaf community in New Zealand, has been an official language by statute since 2006, by virtue of the New Zealand Sign Linguistic communication Act 2006.[27] [28] It is legal to utilise it and have access to it in legal proceedings and authorities services. In the 2018 census, 22,986 people (0.5%) reported the ability to use New Zealand Sign Language.[1]

Immigrant languages [edit]

New Zealand has immigrants from European, Asian and Pacific Island countries who have brought their languages with them. According to Ethnologue (as of 2017[update]), the largest groups are Samoan (86,400), Hindi (66,300), Mandarin Chinese (52,300), French (49,100) and Yue Chinese (44,600).[29] These minority foreign languages are full-bodied in the main cities, particularly Auckland where recent immigration groups have settled.[30] In the 2018 census, 115,830 respondents who spoke at to the lowest degree one language did not include English as 1 of their spoken languages.[31]

The number and proportion of multilingual (people who can speak 2 or more languages) has continued to increase since the 2001 demography. In the 2018 census, the number of multilingual people was 946,275, or twenty.half-dozen percent of respondents who spoke at to the lowest degree one language. The highest proportions of multilingual speakers lived in the Auckland (30.ix%) and Wellington (21.2%) regions.[32]

Statistics [edit]

In the 2018 census, the following languages were reportedly spoken by more than than 0.i percent of the population.[31] People could written report more than than one language, therefore percentages do not add upwards to 100. Statistics include those who spoke no language (e.g. too young to talk).

Language Number Percentage Modify (2013–2018)
English 4,482,135 95.37 -0.770.77
Māori 185,955 3.96 0.220.22
Samoan 101,937 two.17 -0.010.01
Mandarin 95,253 2.03 0.710.71
Hindi 69,471 i.48 -0.190.19
French 55,116 1.17 -0.060.06
Yue ( Cantonese ) 52,767 ane.12 0
Chinese, not further defined 51,501 1.10 0.020.02
Tagalog 43,278 0.92 0.190.19
German language 41,385 0.88 -0.040.04
Spanish 38,823 0.83 0.150.15
Afrikaans 36,966 0.79 0.100.10
Tongan 35,820 0.76 -0.040.04
Panjabi 34,227 0.73 0.230.23
Korean 31,323 0.67 0
Fiji Hindi 26,805 0.57 0.530.53
Japanese 24,885 0.53 0.020.02
Dutch 23,343 0.50 -0.110.xi
New Zealand Sign Linguistic communication 22,986 0.49 -0.020.02
Gujarati 22,200 0.47 0.030.03
Russian 12,543 0.27 0.030.03
Standard arabic 12,399 0.26 -0.010.01
Portuguese 10,569 0.22 0.080.08
Tamil 10,107 0.22 0.040.04
Italian 9,903 0.21 0
Thai 9,066 0.19 0
Malayalam 9,024 0.19 0.080.08
Malaysian 8,097 0.17 0
Cook Islands Māori 7,833 0.17 -0.040.04
Urdu 7,824 0.17 0.040.04
Vietnamese 7,755 0.17 0.030.03
Khmer 7,551 0.16 -0.010.01
Sinhala 7,266 0.fifteen 0.020.02
Fijian 7,143 0.15 -0.010.01
Persian 7,002 0.15 0.020.02
Indonesian six,282 0.xiii 0.010.01
Min 5,760 0.12 -0.010.01
Telugu 5,754 0.12 0.040.04
Serbo-Croation five,502 0.12 -0.020.02
Marä thi four,770 0.x 0.030.03
None (due east.thousand. besides young to talk) 101,751 two.17 0.470.47
Total respondents 4,699,716 100.00 Steady

Regional breakdown [edit]

According to the 2018 census, English is the most-spoken language in every district of New Zealand. Māori is the second-near spoken linguistic communication in 60 of the 67 cities and districts of New Zealand. The second-virtually spoken languges in the remaining seven cities and districts are:[33]

  • Samoan is the 2nd-most speech communication in Auckland and Porirua city.
  • French is the second-about spoken language in Wellington city.
  • Tagalog is the 2nd-most spoken linguistic communication in the Ashburton commune.
  • German is the second-most spoken language in the Tasman district.
  • Spanish is the second-near spoken language in the Mackenzie and Queenstown-Lakes districts.

Meet besides [edit]

  • Cook Islands Māori and Pukapukan – spoken in the New Zealand associated state of the Cook Islands
  • Niuean language – spoken in the New Zealand associated country of Niue
  • Tokelauan language – spoken in the New Zealand dependent territory of Tokelau
  • List of territorial entities where English is an official language

Footnotes [edit]

  1. ^ a b c d "2018 Demography Totals by Topic – National Highlights (Updated)". Statistics New Zealand. thirty Apr 2020. Retrieved 2 Oct 2020.
  2. ^ Bardsley, Dianne (7 Oct 2018). "English Linguistic communication in New Zealand - Characteristics of New Zealand English language". Te Ara - The Encyclopedia of New Zealand . Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  3. ^ "Language". Stats NZ. Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 2020-02-fourteen .
  4. ^ "2018 NZ demography questions" (PDF). p. 87. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  5. ^ New Zealand Authorities (21 December 2007). International Covenant on Ceremonious and Political Rights Fifth Periodic Written report of the Regime of New Zealand (PDF) (Report). p. 89. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 January 2015. Retrieved 21 April 2015. In addition to the Māori linguistic communication, New Zealand Sign Linguistic communication is as well an official language of New Zealand. The New Zealand Sign Language Deed 2006 permits the use of NZSL in legal proceedings, facilitates competency standards for its estimation and guides authorities departments in its promotion and utilise. English, the medium for teaching and learning in most schools, is a de facto official language past virtue of its widespread use. For these reasons, these three languages have special mention in the New Zealand Curriculum.
  6. ^ "New Zealand's Official Languages". Human being Rights Commission . Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  7. ^ Walters, Laura (16 February 2018). "Analysis: Why English does non need to be made an official language". Stuff . Retrieved 7 Oct 2018.
  8. ^ "NZ Offset submits Beak for English to exist recognised as official language". Newshub. 15 February 2018. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
  9. ^ "NZ Offset Nib: English language set to become official". Scoop. 15 Feb 2018. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
  10. ^ a b Kortmann & Schneider 2004, p. 605.
  11. ^ Hay, Maclagan & Gordon 2008, p. 14.
  12. ^ Crystal 2003.
  13. ^ Kortmann & Schneider 2004, p. 582, 589, 592, 610.
  14. ^ Trudgill, Peter and Jean Hannah. (2002). International English: A Guide to the Varieties of Standard English, 4th ed. London: Arnold., p 24.
  15. ^ Hay, Maclagan & Gordon 2008, pp. 39–41.
  16. ^ Kortmann & Schneider 2004, p. 611.
  17. ^ Crystal 2003, p. 355.
  18. ^ Bardsley, Dianne (September 2013). "English language linguistic communication in New Zealand – Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand". Te Ara - The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
  19. ^ "Māori Words used in New Zealand English - Māori Language.net". Māori Language.net . Retrieved 2 September 2017.
  20. ^ "Waitangi Tribunal claim – Māori Linguistic communication Week". Ministry for Culture and Heritage. July 2010. Retrieved 19 January 2011.
  21. ^ "Austronesian languages". Te Ara - The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
  22. ^ Phillips, Jock (March 2009). "The New Zealanders – Bicultural New Zealand". Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 21 January 2011.
  23. ^ "Māori Linguistic communication Week – Te Wiki o Te Reo Maori". Ministry for Civilisation and Heritage. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
  24. ^ Squires, Nick (May 2005). "British influence ebbs equally New Zealand takes to talking Maori". The Telegraph. Peachy Great britain.
  25. ^ "Maori descent indicator and languages spoken (official and common) by age group and sex activity, for the census usually resident population count, 2006, 2013, and 2018 Censuses (RC, TA, SA2, DHB, urban rural indicator)". Statistics New Zealand . Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  26. ^ Keegan, Peter (5 June 2018). "FAQ about the Māori Language". Māori Language Data . Retrieved iv July 2018. All (adult) Māori speakers tin likewise speak English.
  27. ^ "New Zealand Sign Language Bill 2006". Retrieved 30 August 2017.
  28. ^ Governor-General gives assent to Sign Language Bill, Press Release: Governor General, x April 2006. Retrieved xi April 2006.
  29. ^ Gordon, Raymond One thousand. Jr., ed. (2017). "Languages of New Zealand". Ethnologue: Languages of the Earth (20th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved ii September 2017.
  30. ^ Bell, Allan; Harlow, Ray; Starks, Donna (2005). Languages of New Zealand. Victoria University Printing. p. 271. ISBN978-0-86473-490-7.
  31. ^ a b "2018 Demography totals past topic – national highlights (updated)". Statistics New Zealand. xxx Apr 2020. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  32. ^ "Number of languages spoken and birthplace (broad geographic areas) by age group and sex, for the demography usually resident population count, 2006, 2013, and 2018 Censuses (RC, TA, SA2, DHB)". Statistics New Zealand . Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  33. ^ "Languages spoken (total responses) and birthplace (broad geographic areas) by historic period group and sex, for the demography usually resident population count, 2006, 2013, and 2018 Censuses (RC, TA, DHB)". nzdotstat.stats.govt.nz . Retrieved 2021-09-30 .

Bibliography [edit]

  • Crystal, David (2003). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English language Language (second ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN0-521-82348-X.
  • Hay, Jennifer; Maclagan, Margaret; Gordon, Elizabeth (2008). Dialects of English: New Zealand English language. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Academy Printing. ISBN9780748625291.
  • Kortmann, Bernd; Schneider, Edgar West., eds. (2004). A Handbook of Varieties of English language. Vol. i–2. Together with Kate Burridge, Rajend Mesthrie, and Clive Upton. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. ISBN3-eleven-017532-0.
  • Silva, Diego Barbosa da (2019). "Política Linguística na Oceania: Nas Fronteiras da Colonização e da Globalização / Linguistic communication Policy in Oceania: In the Frontiers of Colonization and Globalization". Alfa: Revista de Linguística (in Portuguese and English). 63 (ii). doi:ten.1590/1981-5794-1909-iv.

External links [edit]

  • Languages of New Zealand at Ethnologue: Languages of the Earth

Main Languages In New Zealand,

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_New_Zealand

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